Julien Ciakudia and General Emmanuel Habyarimana in Paris

[Congo]

General Emmanuel Habyarimana was in Paris for the march of the truth of the polls of Martin Fayulu organised by the Congolese diaspora, Saturday, March 16, from Château-Rouge to the Republic. He is a fierce opponent of Rwandan Paul Kagame, the ogre of Kigali. Born in Katanga, before independence, at the time of the Belgian Congo, General Emmanuel Habyarimana is committed to living together peacefully between Rwanda his country and the Democratic Republic of Congo, his big neighbor. That Paul Kagame’s Rwanda is plundering, killing, massacring Congolese and stealing Congo’s resources is unacceptable to Rwanda’s former defense minister under Paul Kagame. Hounded by all Rwandan secret services in Europe, he resists the assaults of Rwandan henchmen. General Emmanuel Habyarimana wanted to be in Paris to see with his own eyes the demonstration of the Congolese diaspora for the truth of the polls of Martin Fayulu, Saturday, March 16 in Paris from Château-Rouge to the Place de la République. Although the Rwandan embassy sent its barbouze observers, extremely courageous General Emmanuel Habyarimana was there and even tapped the master of Rwanda. says what he thinks of the elections in the DRC and challenges at the same time, the master of Rwanda.

Electoral hold-ups gangrene and stifle the emergence of democracy in Africa. Peoples are despised and have only become stooges of elections “bragged”, “cheated” in advance. The Democratic Republic of Congo has even invented the electoral nomination between Felix Tshilombo Bizimungu wa Kanambe and Joseph ​​Kabila who named him after deal. This paradigm is new. It will undoubtedly make emulators on the continent. Africa copies badly: Coups d’Etat, National Conferences, electoral commissions … went from one country to another without Africa advances. The situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo is a problem not only for the Great Lakes countries, but for Africa as a whole. Seeing how the Congolese refute and mobilise for the truth of Martin Fayulu’s polls in a big European capital like Paris, is a boon for General Emmanuel Habyarimana.

Without being pessimistic, Africa is standing still. In 1962, the agronomist René Dumont wrote L’Afrique noire is badly off. At that time, the level of development of South-East Asian countries was slightly below that of African countries. Look today … Africa is rich but Africans are poor, this poverty has many origins. It must first be emphasised that it is true that Africa is rich through its natural resources but these are exploited by foreign companies that most often do not bring much to the national economy. These companies benefit from an abundant and cheaper labour force and a low tax pressure to achieve big turnover to the detriment of our States. And most often they do not transform their product on the spot, product that will be resold to Africans much more expensive after transformation outside. What is much sad for Africans is that it happens to foreign companies to pay royalties to the state or local authorities, but this money is diverted by a minority leaving the people in the food shortage in the lack of care and jobs with the danger of pollution of the environment in which local people live. Then poverty is the rule in Africa because of post-electoral, ethnic and religious conflicts, civil wars, political instability that leads to recurrent coups, …. All these evils push the populations to flee their country to take refuge in camps most often in very difficult conditions. Africans spend a lot of time in resolving disputes while others have already embarked on a revival of their economy. In the end all these factors determine poverty in Africa must be added climatic conditions that are not favourably to the continent because 80% of African populations live from agriculture, that’s why in some parts of Africa as in the Sahel there is a chronic food insecurity that makes thousands of deaths each year.

Many polls have been contested and accompanied by deadly violence in Africa, although some countries have experienced successful alternations. While it remains difficult to define the origins of these crises (political, social, sometimes ethnic), it is increasingly easy to define the actors and sometimes to condemn them, as in Côte d’Ivoire or Kenya (Uhuru Kenyatta and Laurent Gbagbo were summoned before the International Criminal Court after the violence in their countries).

However, one question remains in everyone’s mind: why conduct elections often in a rush, knowing full well that this could lead, sooner or later, to an election crisis, since the results would obviously be disputed by the losers? Proof that beyond the electoral crisis, there is a structural crisis to be solved in several African countries. After a peaceful vote on December 27, 2007, Kenya ignited the announcement of the re-election of President Mwai Kibaki, challenged by the camp of his opponent Raila Odinga, which polls gave winner. Riots erupted in several slums in Nairobi and in the major western cities, fiefs of Mr. Odinga. Political and ethnic violence has left some 1,300 people dead and more than 600,000 displaced, according to documents from the International Criminal Court. In 1992 and 1997, both elections were marked by violence. In 1992, hundreds of people were killed in the Rift Valley (West) in inter-ethnic violence.

2008. In Zimbabwe, the Mugabe / Tsvangirai face-off degenerates. After the victory of the opposition in the 2008 general election, Morgan Tsvangirai’s supporters were the target of a wave of violence (180 dead, according to Amnesty International). Tsvangirai withdrew before the second round of the presidential election and his rival, Robert Mugabe, was re-elected in a ballot called “farce”. In March 2002, the presidential election, won by Mugabe, was also marked by violence.

2011. Nigeria, difficult North-South transition. Considered as the most transparent since the advent of the civil power in 1999, the elections of spring 2011 in Nigeria were nevertheless marked by serious electoral violence. Riots followed the April 2011 presidential election, killing more than 800 people in the north (HRW). The violence erupted after the announcement of the victory of outgoing Goodluck Jonathan, a Christian from the South, on his rival, Muhammadu Buhari, a Muslim from the North. In April 2007, the elections were also marked, according to the opposition and the observers, by frauds and violence. At least 39 dead according to the official record, at least 200 according to the European Union.

2011. Ivory Coast: Gbagbo-Ouattara, political duel to death. Supporters of former Ivorian President Laurent Gbagbo during a demonstration in February 2014 in the city of Koumassi. The country has experienced a crisis born of the refusal of Laurent Gbagbo to recognise his defeat in the presidential election of late 2010 in favor of Alassane Ouattara. Arrested in April 2011, after two weeks of war and four months of crisis, Gbagbo was incarcerated in The Hague where he was tried by the International Criminal Court (ICC) for crimes against humanity. He has been released and is currently living in Belgium. He filed for divorce from his wife Yvonne Gbagbo. The post-election crisis killed some 3,000 people. In 2000, after a controversial election that had been excluded Ouattara, Robert Guei had proclaimed winner after having stopped the vote count. Gbagbo had then proclaimed himself victor and had called his supporters to go down the street. General Guei is overthrown by a popular movement and Gbagbo invested after violence.

2005. Togo, a traumatic election for the people. Togolese police forces face to face with UFC militants of opponent Jean Pierre Fabre during the 2005 presidential elections. In the 2005 presidential election, following the death of Gnassingbé Eyadéma, violence blew up the country after the announcement of the victory of one of his sons, Faure Gnassingbé. They killed 400 to 500 people and injured thousands, according to the UN.

2001. Madagascar, from the post-electoral crisis to the transition. Framed by the army, Andry Rajoelina is proclaimed president of Madagascar on March 21, 2009. In 2001-2002, a political crisis, marked by demonstrations, paralysed the country. Didier Ratsiraka challenged the victory of his rival, Marc Ravalomanana, in the first round of the presidential election in late 2001, and responded to the self-proclamation of his rival by a confrontation that escalated into clashes causing dozens of deaths.

2009. Gabon: Arm wrestling between Ali Bongo and André Mba Obame. Already in 2009, the proclamation of the victory of Ali Bongo, son of the late Omar Bongo, in the presidential election was challenged by the opposition and followed by three days of riots including Port-Gentil. The violence had officially killed three, at least 15 according to the opposition. In Gabon, the political crisis opened by the election holdout fomented by Ali Bongo in August 2016 is still not resolved. It is coupled with an economic and social crisis characterised by repeated strikes or non-payment of wages of many workers for several months … The opponent Jean Ping proclaims still “elected president” but remains powerless to assert his rights. After having bet on the international community to make recognise its legitimacy it had to be disillusioned.

The border country of northern Gabon, Cameroon, was holding a presidential election on Sunday. Faced with Paul Biya, autocrat 85 years including 36 in power, the opposition is in a scattered order with no less than 7 candidates for a single-round election. Suffice to say that the outgoing president should not have too much trouble to win for another 7 years, even if here as in Gabon it is the abstention that is likely to be a majority. The situation in Cameroon is similar to that of the other countries of Françafrique, with wealth captured by the former colonial power and its local relays, and a population that tries to survive in misery. But Cameroon also has two armed conflicts: one in the great Muslim north where Boko Haram is rampant, and the other in the English-speaking areas of the west formerly under British rule before unification with the French-speaking part. Anglophones felt abandoned by power and demanded a return to federalism that had been in force from 1961 to 1972. The repressive response to these demands led to the emergence of an armed uprising that proclaimed independence. from “Ambazonia” more than a year ago.

2011-2018. Democratic Republic of Congo. At the end of 2011, the presidential and legislative elections, chaotically organised and marred by numerous irregularities, were preceded and followed by violence. A UN report, denounced by Kinshasa, reported about thirty deaths. He accused the DRC defense and security forces of “serious violations” of human rights. Outgoing head of state Alias ​​Kabila was officially re-elected, but opponent Étienne Tshisekedi, ranked second in the presidential election, rejected the results. On December 30, 2018, there was an election in the Democratic Republic of Congo, the height of the story is that after a deal, Felix Tshilombo Bizimungu wa Kanambe, son Tshisekedi Mister 16% was placed on the throne of the Congo by Joseph Kabila, to the great contempt of the popular will who elected Martin Fayulu with 62%! The country is on a volcano of anger, frustrations and worries. The truth of Martin Fayulu’s ballot box is the starting point for democracy. We do not build a country on lies.

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